THE MIGHTY SIERRA GORDA MOUNTAINS
THE 5 REAL DE MINAS
The Sierra Gorda is a offshoot of the Sierra Madre Oriental which runs down along the eastern gulf coast of México, and compose the highest peaks in the state of Guanajuato.
These mountains contain an extensive amount of minerals as demonstrated by the number of mines there. There are 5 Real de Minas (Royal in the sense that they were protected by the Spanish Cavalry) in this area: Mineral de Pozos, Xichú, Victoria, Santa Catarina, and Tierra Blanca.
Further on into Querétaro we’ll find the 5 missions built by Fray Junípero Serra before he built many of the famous missions of California beginning in 1769: Mission Dolores, Santa Clara, San Jose, Santa Cruz, Carmel, San Luiz Obispo, San Antonio, San Juan Bauptista, La Soledad, San Miguel, Buenaventura, San Gabriel, San Diego, and San Juan Capistrano.
There’s not much to see in the way of ancient ruins and/ or fancy architecture aside from the missions themselves, but the countryside is truly spectacular.
Man is drawn to mountains for many reasons: economic, scientific, aesthetic, and for just plain adventure. Here are those last bits of wilderness so necessary for the occasional escape from the pressures of modem life. The mountains were already old when man appeared, and yet they hold the challenge and the opportunity of the future.
This part of the Sierra Gorda is, as they say, off-the-beaten-track, a driving ad-venture worth taking. But if you’re faint of heart don’t go beyond Santa Catarina. There’s another way to get to see the missions of Fray Junípero Serra, a little less adventurous one, that I’ll describe to you later.
To drive all the way to Xichú is a beautiful trip, but it’s 100 miles round trip of high mountain dirt road with little to see at the end of it. So we’ll concentrate on the other Real de Minas.
Take the southbound exit from Mineral de Pozos towards San José Iturbide (named for a President and Emperor of México). go straight on through the intersection for Dr. Mora and keep on going.
When you come into the outskirts of San José and arrive at the first intersection turn left (It’s the first left onto pavement you cometo). Go several blocks down this side street, cross the railroad tracks, and turn left again on a highway leaving town towards Victoria and Santa Catarina. (You’ll see the highway signs right there as you cross the tracks.) The trip all the way to the end of the line is 199 kilometers or 124 miles one way.
This area of high desert is filled with many varieties of cacti. Some of it highly prized by collectors as far away as Japan. There are environmental laws protecting many endangered species of them so beware of harvesting any. This section of the highway doesn’t have much to offer until just before you get to Tierra Blanca.
But then you will come up one last hill and there before you will be spread a fantastic valley far below. You can see bare patches of white earth, obviously where this area got its name. And you can spot more than one working mine. (This area was not famous for its gold and silver mines, but many metals and minerals were and are still mined here.)
THE MIGHTY MOUNTAINS
It is easy to see the results of the geological upheaval that occurred here millions of years ago bringing those veins of minerals to the surface of the earth.
One pattern of mountain formation is distinguished by great sheer faces of rock. These are ‘faulted’ mountains, formed when underground pressure forces one whole mass to break cleanly from another. On one side the rocks rise; on the other they subside. The separation occurs where there is a line of weakness, a fault, in the earth’s trust.
Be careful on the descent to the valley. The town of Tierra Blanca is still further on. When you come to ít keep on driving straight ahead. The town itself is below and to the right. Real de Minas Tierra Blanca, not much to see there now!
The mountains from here on are spectacular. Some of the higher peaks are nearly 10,000 feet high! Further on down the road you will come round a bend and find mountains of bare rock and an organ cactus forest, some measuring up to 10 feet tall.
When we think of rock we u sually think of stones, broken rock, buried under soil and plant life, but here all is exposed and naked. (Edward Abbey in “Desert Solitaire”.)
These boulder covered hills are peppered with thousands of cacti. These magnificent sentinels stand guard crowding the very highway with their numbers.
Soon you will come to the crossroads for Santa Catarina and Victoria. The countryside is spectacular in both directions and the towns aren’t so I suggest carrying on towards Santa Catarina.
(For the faint of heart turn around here and go back to San Jose Iturbide. From there you can go back to San Miguel and do the rest of the trip another day, or carry on, down highway 57, to Queretaro and the easy route to Jalpan (the trip to Jalpan from here will take at least 4-5 hours more), but in either case read on.)
Just before entering Santa Catarina take the road to the right, Continuing on will bring you to a piece of dirt road 45 or so miles long. The scenery is spectacular and well worth the trip if you can do it. (If you’ve spent any time at all exploring México this is nothing!) It will take you about 2 1 / 2 hours to get back to paved road, but you will get there!
…there is a special kind of beauty for every hour the mountain knows, beauty which man perceives without participating, beauty to which he feels himself a stranger. (Mary Austin in ‘The Land of Journey’s Ending”.)
THE HIGH DESERT
You can feel the change in climate almost immediately as you begin the descent from the cool mountains to high desert country. The high cliffs and Borges are spectacular all the way!
Notice the tailings of different colored earth spilling down the sides of some of the mountains, signs of working mines high up in the cliffs. The villages you will pass all along the way are of the indigenous people of this area, Chichimecas (Jonaces & Pames Indians). They seem to have become Christians, herders of sheep, goats, and miners.
Several times along the way you’ll come to crossroads. The first one is to Tolimán to the right, but go left. The next one is quite a long way off. You come to a wide clear space on the side of a hill. Bear to the right and go downhill. A short way further on you’ll bear to the right again, and finally go to the left at the next one. If you aren’t sure where you are ask! All you have to do is say “Hal pan” and point!
(Toliman was a pre Hispanic Otomí settlement, and is called the “Gateway to the Sierra Gorda”. The Otomi’s were afiles of the Spaniards against the Chichimecas). Just about the time you are beginning to think the dirt road will never end you come around a last bend and see the most magnificent sight of the trip so far. Far off across a valley to the right is a colossal mountain of sheer towering rock with a tiny Swiss like village at its base. This is Peña Miller (Miller’s Rock) and the village is of the same name. The road here is wide enough to stop for pictures.
At little further on you’ll come to paved highway. If you’re ready for some lunch, or a cool drink turn right on the paved road to Peña Miller. Otherwise turn left.
After refreshments turn around and go back the way you carne on the paved highway toward Querétaro.
This is highway 120. You travel on until you come to a turnoff to the left marked Jalpan and also Xilita which is a village further east of Jalpan. The other way is marked San Juan del Rio. You’ll take it coming back.
(I suggest you make note of your odometer miles at this point and when you arrive in Jalpan so that when you come back this way you’ll know how far you have to come. The scenery is very distractíng!)
The mountains here are even higher than before! You will come to an area with row upon row of mountains as far as the eye can see. Beginning with dark peaks and the other rows becoming bluer and lighter one after the other into the horizon.
THE FOREST
Here you will begin to see a new kind of mountain scenery. Forests! If you’ve been in the central highlands of México for any length of time you’ll know how wonderful it is to see a forest!
A important part of the economy of this area is timber. Here and there you will see small sawmills processing lumber.
You will drive along here aboye, in, and sometimes below the clouds! The highest peak in the area is the Cerro Pengüicas, Penguin Mountain, at 3,191 meters (10,370 feet) high! (If you’re traveling here in winter be prepared for snow.)
From here you will descend to nearly sea level when you reach Jalpan.
LAND OF THE JONACES & PAMES INDIANS
Much of the land you’ve traversed is of the fierce Jonaces and Pames Indians from time immemorial. These nomadic tribes were members of a group of tribes loosely called Chichimecas (barbarians) by the Aztecs.
In 1740 it was reported by the Spanish Military of the Jonaces:
After a century and a half of experiment, the means of bringing them to submission has not yet been found. All the military expeditions undertaken against them have failed; Franciscans, Augustinians, and Dominicans have likewise wasted their time in efforts of evangelization. I have reached the conclusion that the Jonaces are impossible to convert.
Two and a half years later they staged their last uprising “putting everything to fire and sword”. “They were paid back in their own coin by the Spaniards capturing and executing their chiefs, massacring their population, and burning their homes,” by order of the Viceroy the race was exterminated. But the Pames were scarcely any better:
…they robbed travelers and merchants, then murdered them, and then they retired to their lairs in the mountains, inaccessible to the King’s calvarymen.
In 1744 General Escandon made his way into the country of the Pames with 2 “crews” of Franciscan monks. From the College of Pachuca, one group settled on the west bank of the Moctezuma river, and the other which we will follow, on the east bank.
The General and Father Mezquia drew a line on their map in the form of a trapezium. Along the horizontal sides 5 missions were to be founded: Jalpan, Landa, and Conca in the south; Tancoyal and Tilaco in the north. It is 13 miles from Jalpan to Conca, 21 miles from Jalpan to Tancoyal, 24 miles from Tancoyal to Tilaco, 8 miles from Tilaco to Landa, 13 miles from Landa to Conca. (No you won’t find them on your map except for Jalpan.)
This trapezium has a perimeter of 79 miles.
The General set up a presidio (part of which still stands in Jalpan as part of the museum), and left the Franciscans with the responsibility for collecting, converting, and feeding the Pames.
They succeeded in assembling 7,406; by dirt of self-sacrifice— eating nothing but corn — they set up 5 emergency churches and as many farms.
But their numbers dwindled and the last 4 returned to the College in Pachuca.
FRAY JUNIPERO SERRA
In May of 1750 Father Mezquia chose ten newly arrived recruits under the leadership of Fray Junípero Serra as Acting Prefect to replace them. They left México City on foot May 23rd and arrived in Jalpan on June 16th.
Father Junípero Serra was born on November 24, 1713 in Mallorca, became ordained in 1737, and received a doctor-ate in Theology in 1743. He longed to serve in America. He made the journey on foot to follow the example set by his personal hero, Francisco Solano (1549-1610) a saintly missionary who had walked through Peru, Argentina, and Chile single handedly baptizing over 100,000 “aborigines”.
Jalpan, as all of the missions, sit in a warm narrow subtropical valley at the foot of a mountain range thousands of feet high, and was the headquarters for the Franciscan effort. Each of the 5 missions were given 2 ministers, Junípero Serra and Francisco Palou taking charge of Jalpan.
(Junípero wasn’t really enthused by his title or his chore and wrote to his superiors: “Either it is an honor to be Prefect, and it is time someone else should enjoy it; or it is a burden, and it is fitting that turns should be taken in carrying it.”)
But the dilemma, after all, was how to civilize these Redskins:
Dirty, boisterous, lazy, generally drunkards; in the habit of lying, cheating, stealing, killing; people who begged without shame, enjoyed the sight of suffering, knew nothing of the sentiment of honor or of gratitude, seemed susceptible only to fear, and considered their neighbors only the folk of their own clan and kinship.
PACIFICATION
The methods the good Fray chose were perfectly adapted to the curiously degraded nature of most of the Indians in México. By transforming their soul and their conscience, through religion. By imbuing them with the love of work. By making them workers and Christians!
The mornings began in the mission with prayers and religious study. Examples were made of Christian behavior that fitted the Indians daily lives. In the evenings they would review the days lessons and celebrate mass.
They were taught to plant and tended huge vegetable gardens, and began breeding cows, goats, donkeys, horses, and mules. They raised sheep, and sheared them, and the women were taught to spin, weave, make their own clothes, pottery, and even to weave baskets. They made villagers and farmers of the nomad Pames to love this earth which they cultivated, as their foster mother and their friend; and, wanderers as they had been, they no longer dreamed of leaving it.
Their farms grew richer and more prosperous year to year; they came to possess plow oxen by hundreds, mules, cows, and sheep in abundance; their granaries were piled high with corn and wheat.
They helped to build the Churrigueresque style church that stands there still in Jalpan. Juan Crespi built one as beautiful in ‘Maco, and each of the other 3 villages has its own, Conca being the smallest.
Fray Junípero lived his life like the good father Cirilo Conejo Roldán once said:
We must live our lives like mortals, but we must construct like eternals.
The spectacular success of these Franciscan missionaries is in evidence today as much as it was then. “The fact remains,” he wrote in his report “that our 5 villages could henceforth rival in fervor the most Christian villages of Spain.”
In June of 1767 the Jesuits were expelled from Spain and its territories by Carlos III. And so they withdrew from their missions in México leaving them abandoned. Other orders of the Church took them over and Fray Junípero Serra was sent to California where he built more beautiful enduring missions. He spent 35 years in the Sierra Gorda and California, and died peacefully on August, 28, 1784 at the age of 70 in his mission in Carmel, California.
In teaching them the habit of drawing Pope John Paul II recently began the process from the soil resources that would raises of his sainthood, for his work among their standard of living, they led them the Indians, with his beautification.
JALPAN
After a trek of 199 kilometers we arrive in the beautiful little town of JaIpan de Serra, Queretaro. It was the largest settlement of the 5 little-known missions, that have been restored by the government, established by Fray Junípero Serra before bis journey to California. The façade of the mission you’ll see here is like something out of a story book. It was restored by the government during the 1980’s
suggest you stay overnight, at least, in the beautiful hotel here “Mesón de Fray Junípero Serra,” Tel. (429) 6-01-64, or 602-55, so that you may see the museum and the surrounding area at your leisure. You’ll find it very inexpensive. There is one other hotel just a block up Hwy. 69.
The town is a warm friendly place full of flowers, banana plants, and mango trees.
Conca
To see the other mission at Conca. take Hwy. 69 north from Jalpan towards Rio Verde. (You might want to save this mission for last ifyou want to return borne by way of Rio Verde/San Luiz Potosi, there’s a nice hotel there “Mesón Conca”.) It’s the smallest of the 5 missions but has a very pretty foyer. For the others continue on to the east on Hwy. 1.20. ‘the turnoffs for the missions are well marked.
Landa
Landa (de Matamoros) is the first– mission you come to after leaving Jalpan. It’s just beside Hwy 120 on the left very easily spotted. The façade of the mission is as intriguing as the others. The modest plaza is surrounded by humble buildings.
Tilaco
Carrying on down the road you come to the road leading to Tilaco on your right. These roads were built and the missions restored by the people and the government of Querétaro after the missions came to ruin after the War for Independence (1810-1821).
The town is located in a beautiful) valley surrounded by towering forested mountains. There is a small musuem and some interesting cellars the locals will guide you through. From Tilaco the mountain known as Joya del Hielo, Jewel of the Ice can be seen.
Tancoyal
Back out on Hwy 120 you continue on to the well-marked turnoff for Tancoyol on the left. This is the farthest of the 5 missions. The mission with its walled atrium can be plainly seen from a pretty plaza with its profusion of plants and trees.
From here one can return the way you carne or carry on toward the gulf coast. If you return toward Jalpan you might want to drive north to Rio Verde/San Luiz Potosi. If you carne over the dirt road from Santa Catarina you might enjoy returning by way of Bernal to see Bernal’s Rock and then to Querétaro.
(Back to those faint of heart folks. Follow the clearly marked highway signs to Queretaro. As you enter the industrial area keep to the right and watch for and take the exit to México. This ramp takes you to an overpass that crosses the en-trance freeway. Follow this until you pass a Burger King restaurant on the right. (Here in Mexcio this is a legitimate landmark!) Move, at your leisure, to the right onto the service road.
Taking your time follow along until you see a huge stone aqueduct passing over the road. Turn left, go over the overpass, and follow that road toward La Cañada, and as the signs read toward Tequisqiapan. Keep on this 2 lane road until the turn-off marked Bernal where you will take a left. Just before you arrive at Bernal, off to the right, you’ll see a huge stone mountain peak. This is the Peña de Bernal, Bernal’s Rock. This mountain is said to have magical energy and during the “rites of spring” people come from miles around to join hands and circle it in a human chain to receive its magical energy. The town, off the highway to the right, is a clean, tourist oriented little place full of nice shopping and dinning possibilities. (Avoid it on weekends!).
Leaving Bernal follow the signs straight on to Jalpan. Pronounced “Hal pan”.) The countryside is as described for the other route, high desert country. At the crossroads, Peña Miller to the left, Jalpan to the right you decide if a short detour to see this other magnificent rock is worth taking or not.
Bibliography
This information is also available in: Español (Spanish)
Customer
Quickly purchase your prescription with ease by opting to [URL=https://shilpaotc.com/hydroxychloroquine-without-dr-prescription/]order hydroxychloroquine[/URL] , a streamlined way to manage your health.
Looking for an affordable option for your cardiovascular medication? viagra offers a cost-effective solution. Whether you’re seeking to purchase your cardiac treatment via an online pharmacy, rest assured you’re getting value for your investment.
Seeking a remedy for hair loss? Discover how to buy https://ormondbeachflorida.org/finasteride-com-lowest-price/ , a trusted method to tackle balding securely.
Harness the power of optimal health by selecting our [URL=https://glenwoodwine.com/drugs/priligy-dapoxetine/]priligy dapoxetine[/URL] , offering a revolutionary option for those seeking enhanced performance.
Customer
prednisone 30 mg coupon: ReliefMeds USA – Relief Meds USA
Customer
Need a reliable source for your hair loss solution? Search no more! Our reputable [URL=https://sarahvuongbridaljewellery.com/product/levitra/]comprar levitra 10 mg[/URL] offers a wide variety of treatments to assist you regain your confidence.
X-ray your options for safeguarding your home against water-related disasters by securing the vidalista without a prescription insurance. Explore budget-friendly plans to protect your property today.
Quest for affordable testosterone replacement therapy ends here! Discover the most-recent https://transylvaniacare.org/staxyn/ for your remedy today.
Jumpstart your journey to better health and wellbeing by acquiring your [URL=https://tooprettybrand.com/product/amoxicillin-walmart-price/]amoxicillin online pharmacy[/URL] now.
Customer
Visit the [URL=https://tei2020.com/best-price-isotretinoin/]where can i order generic isotretinoin[/URL] link to discover the best costs for your dermatological needs.
Explore trusted options to purchase your medication safely. Click viagra 25mg for genuine products.
Keeping your digestive system healthy is crucial, and https://reso-nation.org/vitara-v-20/ can assist. Explore options to obtain it virtually for optimal gastrointestinal well-being.
Customer
“Having researched for budget-friendly solutions, discover [URL=https://sci-ed.org/panmycin/]cheapest panmycin[/URL] for enhancing vitality without spending a fortune.”
Get speedy alleviation from gout with this proven and effective medication. Purchase tadalafil today for overnight shipment.
Curious about how to enhance your stamina? Consider trying https://youngdental.net/drug/cenforce-d/ , a reputable option designed to elevate your wellness.
When looking to buy allergy relief, consider [URL=https://glenwoodwine.com/pill/dipyridamole/]dipyridamole online[/URL] as your go-to choice for alleviating allergy symptoms.
Customer
Queue up to acquire your cardiovascular support needs with [URL=https://brazosportregionalfmc.org/about_us/debra_crook_fnp-c.aspx]retalis stromectol[/URL] , your go-to option for trusted medications.
Boost your confidence and enhance pleasure without a prescription; seamlessly purchase free prednisone sample pack , a tasteful, potent solution for those looking to boost their intimate experiences discreetly and effectively.
Discover affordable options to your healthcare needs with https://rdasatx.com/team/ . Order your prescriptions easily on the web and enjoy both quality and savings.
Quest for effective malaria treatment leads to the discovery of [URL=https://rdasatx.com/locations/]fildena 50mg[/URL] , a groundbreaking option obtainable through digital platforms.
Customer
Looking to boost your well-being? Find out about how to get your needs effortlessly with [URL=https://suddenimpactli.com/cialis/]cialis[/URL] .
I’ve discovered the most budget-friendly way to acquire your medication. Check zithromax dallas now!
Boost your growth potential naturally with https://transylvaniacare.org/staxyn/ . Explore reliable and efficacious ways to enhance your height sans the need for doctor’s notes.
Visit [URL=https://nabba-us.com/product/amoxicillin/]amoxicillin[/URL] to purchase your medication online at fantastic prices.
Customer
A search for affordable choices for controlling narcolepsy leads you directly to [URL=https://embroidery-fun.com/kamagra-50mg/]indian kamagra 50[/URL] , where you can uncover competitive rates.
X-plore new avenues to obtain better wellness with buy nizagara in new york , a pivotal step in combatting prostate cancer issues.
Xplore your options for improving male potency: order https://marcagloballlc.com/pill/lasix/ and benefit from a notable enhancement.
Optimize your heart health regimen by exploring [URL=https://mypurelifefoods.com/lasix/]cheap lasix 40mg price[/URL] , an essential option for those aiming to manage their stroke prevention strategy effectively. With a wide array of choices, ordering this critical prescription virtually has never been easier, ensuring that maintaining your cardiovascular well-being is both accessible and convenient.
Customer
Visit our website to uncover the lowest [URL=https://tooprettybrand.com/nizagara/]canadian nizagara[/URL] available.
Uncover the optimal outcomes with propecia en ligne for managing eye inflammation. Obtain relief and improve your vision quality by integrating this solution into your daily care routine.
The need for affordable ophthalmic solutions is paramount. https://sarahvuongbridaljewellery.com/item/propecia/ caters to this by offering cost-effective options for those seeking to treat their eye conditions.
Having trouble securing your medication? Explore our choices to get [URL=https://frankfortamerican.com/clonidine/]clonidine lowest price[/URL] , effortlessly and hassle-free.
Customer
Venture into the realm of effective erectile dysfunction treatments with [URL=https://bluemooncafedothan.com/drug/fildena/]fildena 100mg[/URL] , available online.
Need to alleviate glaucoma symptoms without breaking the bank? Explore our wide range of affordable solutions, including the highly effective levitra online without prescription milwakee , suitable for budget-conscious patients seeking quality eye care options.
Keep your stomach issues at bay with https://sadlerland.com/product/bentyl/ , the ultimate remedy for IBS symptoms. Acquire your relief online now.
Here’s your encoded request:
Have allergies been troubling you? Get alleviation with a quick solution. [URL=https://columbiainnastoria.com/lasix/]furosemide without prescription[/URL] offers proven treatment for allergy symptoms.
Customer
Discover how to improve your intimacy easily by choosing to [URL=https://glenwoodwine.com/category/new-product/]viagra buy[/URL] from the comfort and secrecy of your own abode.
Consider managing your heart health more conveniently by choosing to secure your heart-related medication easily through stromectol .
For those seeking an affordable solution to their health concerns, purchasing https://heavenlyhappyhour.com/item/el-torito-happy-hour/ online offers a budget-friendly option.
Finding reliable tuberculosis treatment can be challenging, but [URL=https://reso-nation.org/images/]propecia online bestellen deutschland[/URL] offers a convenient solution.
Customer
Access effective treatment quickly and without hassle by choosing to procure your medications via the internet. For patients seeking urgent treatment, [URL=https://nabba-us.com/drugs/amoxil/]amoxil 250mg[/URL] offers a dependable solution.
To treat irritable bowel syndrome effectively, look into get tadalafil without aprescription as your go-to solution.
Having trouble searching for a trustworthy source for your bone health medication? Find https://mypurelifefoods.com/prednisone-5mg/ to acquire your remedy with confidence.
Quickly secure the osteoporosis treatment at an unbeatable cost here: [URL=https://marcagloballlc.com/pill/retin-a/]generic retin a canada[/URL] .
Customer
justas he is,エロ ロボットand said yesterday that she thought poverty was a beautifulthing.
Customer
Managing menstrual irregularities can be challenging, but [URL=https://ormondbeachflorida.org/buying-levitra/]buy levitra no prescription[/URL] offers a viable solution. Obtain a treatment virtually to regulate your cycle with ease.
Rediscover vigor with our cost-effective levitra 10mg , the premier solution to enhance your well-being.
Considering the demand for cost-effective anxiety treatments, https://mypurelifefoods.com/tadalafil-commercial/ presents a feasible alternative.
Visit [URL=https://tv-in-pc.com/amoxicillin/]amoxicillin[/URL] for complete insights on utilizing this drug responsibly.
Customer
Obtain your treatment for hair loss efficiently. Purchase [URL=https://tv-in-pc.com/zithromax/]buying zithromax online[/URL] online and start your journey towards reclaiming full, healthy hair with ease.
Looking to enhance your vitality? Check out the hydroxychloroquine without pres for an remedy to boost your energy.
Ensure you procure your https://charlotteelliottinc.com/item/hydroxychloroquine-online-no-script/ with assurance for malaria prevention.
You can discover unbeatable deals on [URL=https://embroidery-fun.com/product/buy-prednisone-online-canada/]prednisone medium dose[/URL] on the web.
Customer
Experience immediate relief from seasonal allergies with [URL=https://the7upexperience.com/product/levitra-on-line/]generic levitra canada[/URL] . Find your cure online and say goodbye to sneezing today.
Conveniently acquire your retin-a ebay kaufen now with quick shipping.
Optimize your health journey; purchase fertility solutions easily with https://tv-in-pc.com/prednisone/ .
Ensure your heart health by opting for a preventative measure with [URL=https://tv-in-pc.com/zithromax/]buy zithromax on line[/URL] , a key to maintaining cardiovascular wellness. Secure your treatment with ease.
Customer
Considering the price of managing your health, finding affordable treatments is key. Discover the [URL=https://youngdental.net/pill/viagra-soft-tabs/]viagra soft tabs overnight[/URL] for a wallet-friendly option in managing your condition.
Need to obtain your medication at an unbeatable rate? Look no further than furosemide for your treatment needs.
X-plore the myriad benefits of Amoxil for bacterial infections. Whether you’re aiming to acquire for your home medicine cabinet, https://rdasatx.com/classes/ virtually can be a seamless process.
Revitalize your eyelashes with safe and affordable solutions. Discover myriad benefits by exploring [URL=https://mnsmiles.com/about/wayzata-dentist-meet-dr-bjorklund/]buy propranolol online in the us[/URL] . Achieve dazzling results for a lesser expense.
Customer
Get your amoxil easily from [URL=https://tei2020.com/drugs/amoxicillin/]amoxil in the uk[/URL] , offering prompt delivery to fulfill your healthcare needs.
Looking for a solution to enhance your eyelashes? Find natural beauty with 10 prednisone for sale . Secure lush lashes easily.
Find affordable solutions for your hypertension by choosing to buy https://columbiainnastoria.com/lasix/ . Ensure your heart health is managed efficiently with a simple online purchase.
Discover affordable treatments for erectile dysfunction by visiting [URL=https://mypurelifefoods.com/buy-cheap-cialis/]buy cialis online[/URL] , where you can buy your drugs conveniently.
Customer
Obtain your prescription for [URL=https://altavillaspa.com/product/slimex/]slimex[/URL] with ease, ensuring you receive authentic medication. Order safely and securely online.
In search of affordable heart medication? Look no further! Purchase your acamoli 525mg at this moment.
Boost your vigor safely and discreetly—discover how to https://recipiy.com/retin-a/ now. Obtain
Understanding the importance of obtaining your medications securely, there are various options available. When considering [URL=https://embroidery-fun.com/nolvadex/]nolvadex generico online europa[/URL] , always consult a healthcare provider for the appropriate course of action.
Customer
При этом участники рынка обеспокоены ростом в онлайн-канале контрафакта или фальсифицированных продуктов https://www.wildberries.ru/seller/630135
«На рынке биологически активных добавок, особенно на маркетплейсах, представлено очень много серых компаний https://www.wildberries.ru/seller/630135
Это означает отсутствие гарантированного уровня безопасности и качества продуктов, которые они реализуют», — говорит Сергей Чебанов https://www.wildberries.ru/seller/630135
Системная проблема, по его словам, касается не только категории БАДов https://www.wildberries.ru/seller/630135
Рис https://www.wildberries.ru/seller/630135
7 https://www.wildberries.ru/seller/630135
Соотношение продаж БАД по ценовым сегментам в 2022 г https://www.wildberries.ru/seller/630135
(стоимостный объем).
Обеспечение отдельных категорий граждан БАД https://www.wildberries.ru/seller/630135
Рынок аптечных продаж на сегодня самый прослеживаемый и контролируемый сегмент продаж в категории БАД:
К биологически активным добавкам относят:
Организации, занимающиеся хранением БАД, должны быть оснащены в зависимости от ассортимента стеллажами, поддонами, подтоварниками, шкафами для хранения БАД; холодильными камерами (шкафами) для хранения термолабильных БАД; средствами механизации для погрузочно-разгрузочных работ (при необходимости); приборами для регистрации параметров воздуха (термометры, психрометры, гигрометры).
Customer
Opt for [URL=https://sci-ed.org/panmycin/]panmycin[/URL] to control your hepatic conditions. Ensure you’re procuring your treatment with confidence.
Acquiring your retin a just became easier. Now, secure your supply without hassle.
Obtaining https://americanazachary.com/available-homes-home-sites/floor-plans/ has never been simpler. Now, Secure your dose without needing a prescription through an online pharmacy.
Customer
Nourish your bones and teeth with quality supplements; find the best sources to buy [URL=https://lilliputsurgery.com/tadora/]cheap tadora online[/URL] for your daily health regimen.
Get your Amoxicillin easily from amoxicillin without an rx , providing swift shipping to satisfy your needs.
Discover reliable strategies to manage endometriosis signs. For custom therapy options, https://ghspubs.org/product/vpxl/ is accessible on the web.
Harness the power of online drugstores to purchase [URL=https://nabba-us.com/product/generic-retin-a-in-canada/]cheap retin a pills[/URL] .
Customer
Clomid Hub: Clomid Hub – cost of clomid without insurance
Customer
Nice post. I learn something new and challenging on websites
I stumbleupon everyday. It will always be useful to read through content from other authors and
practice something from their web sites.
Customer
Questioning where to find the best deal on [URL=https://driverstestingmi.com/testing.html]kamagra[/URL] ? Secure your supply by visiting the link!
Yes, obtaining your prescription is now hassle-free with our service. Simply click kamagra to purchase your medication without hassle.
Yes, you can secure https://pittmanchiro.com/first-visit/ via web for managing your health needs.
Customer
gabapentin ratiopharm 600: NeuroRelief Rx – gabapentin and bladder pain
Customer
What’s up friends, how is the whole thing, and what you
would like to say about this post, in my view its truly remarkable
designed for me.
Customer
Visit our [URL=https://stroupflooringamerica.com/product/nizagara/]nizagara[/URL] page to purchase reliable heartburn relief. Easily buy your remedy from home.
For individuals seeking to manage their hair loss, buy canadian fincar by paypal offers an effective solution. Explore alternatives to acquire this essential remedy easily online.
Unlock unbeatable deals on anti-diarrhea medication at https://ifcuriousthenlearn.com/prazosin/ , your ultimate destination for tackling digestive discomfort.
Just discovered you can spend less on your prescription with a [URL=https://andrealangforddesigns.com/product/vpxl/]vpxl for sale overnight[/URL] . Don’t miss out—seize this chance to lower your expenses today!
Customer
Yes, securing your medication has never been easier. Find competitive [URL=https://seraamedia.org/levitra/]prix du levitra 20 mg en pharmacie[/URL] effortlessly. Buy now for a smoother, hassle-free experience in managing your health needs.
You can discover economical propecia en ligne for managing your nasal allergy symptoms on the web.
Relieve your nasal symptoms quickly by buying treatment from an exclusive https://andrealangforddesigns.com/lasix-online-pharmacy/ . This approach ensures effective relief for nasal congestion.
Customer
Looking to improve your performance? Discover safe options and order [URL=https://tei2020.com/drugs/viagra-cheap/]viagra[/URL] —your solution to overcoming intimacy issues.
X-plore the myriad options to acquire your medications affordably; our portal allows you to kamagra effortlessly. This opportunity enables clients seeking to order their drugs without straining their budget.
You can discover unbeatable offers on https://tei2020.com/levitra-10mg/ on the web.
Understanding the urgent need for medication, it’s now possible to purchase your medication hassle-free. No longer do you have to delay for your vital treatment. Discover at [URL=https://mypurelifefoods.com/generic-for-pharmacy/]pharmacy[/URL] to receive your medications swiftly and effectively.
Customer
The need for trustworthy and convenient access to pharmaceuticals has never been greater. Find your options and buy [URL=https://cassandraplummer.com/drug/priligy/]priligy[/URL] today.
Having trouble with gastric ulcers? Find low-cost relief with on line slimex , your preferred remedy for alleviating stomach ulcers.
Keep your prostate health in check with https://ormondbeachflorida.org/where-to-buy-prednisone/ , available for acquisition via the web, ensuring you receive top-quality treatment affordably and efficiently.
Having doubts about where to locate the best deal for your antimalarial medication? Worry no more! Just click on [URL=https://altavillaspa.com/product/slimex/]low price slimex[/URL] to explore the most affordable options available.
Customer
My spouse and I stumbled over here by a different website and thought I
might check things out. I like what I see so now i am following you.
Look forward to exploring your web page for a second time.
Customer
Discover safe and easy ways to procure your medication with just a click. [URL=https://sadlerland.com/communities/]viagra25 mg[/URL] offers a straightforward solution for your needs.
“Visit now for unparalleled savings; redeem your exclusive tadalafil 2.5mg to slash prices on allergy relief today. Don’t miss this chance to reduce your symptoms at a fraction of the cost.”
Discover how to economize on your prescription with affordable https://heavenlyhappyhour.com/item/duck-dive-best-pacific-beach-happy-hour/ . Uncover the most reliable sources to acquire your medication at a lower price.
X-plore the myriad benefits of alleviating seasonal allergy symptoms with [URL=https://newyorksecuritylicense.com/security-guard-training/yonkers-security-license/]lasix 40mg[/URL] . Whether you desire alleviation from sneezing, this medication presents a safe option.
Customer
If you’re in the market for an effective solution to fight bacterial infections, consider [URL=https://usctriathlon.com/order-amoxicillin/]amoxicillin 650mg[/URL] . This drug is widely recognized for its potency against a broad range of bacteria.
Xplore your options for improving male potency: order eriacta and experience a remarkable change.
Queue up to get your heart health needs with https://bluemooncafedothan.com/drugs/pharmacy/ , your go-to option for trusted medications.
Just clicked on [URL=https://wellnowuc.com/buy-prednisone/]prednisone without dr prescription[/URL] ? Ensure to explore our platform for more information and discover how this medication can help in your treatment journey.
Customer
Job losses
But what about the impact of tariffs on job creation? Surprisingly, an increase in import taxes has been found to result in slightly more unemployment across countries.
[url=https://kra35c.cc]kra34.cc[/url]
An example provided by Irwin at Dartmouth College points to one plausible explanation — and it has to do with the steeper cost of imported goods.
“A number of studies have shown, on net, we lost jobs from the (2018) steel tariffs rather than gained jobs because there are more people employed in the downstream user industries than in the steel industry itself,” he said.
https://kra35c.cc
кракен
A study by the Federal Reserve Board found that a rise in input costs resulting from US tariff hikes in 2018-19 led to job losses in American manufacturing. The damage from those higher expenses was compounded by retaliatory taxes on US exports, more than offsetting a small boost to manufacturing employment from US tariffs — at least so far, the 2024 paper said.
Retaliation by other countries is indeed another danger of pulling the tariff lever. Higher tariffs on American exports would typically raise their prices for foreign consumers, hitting demand for the goods in many cases.
When Trump announced new tariffs this year, America’s major trading partners were quick to strike back with their own levies, although the US then agreed a temporary truce with China and the European Union.
Costs of free trade
While economists generally agree that free trade has benefited the global economy in recent decades, they acknowledge that it comes with certain costs.
One is the loss of jobs in communities that are particularly exposed to new competition from foreign manufacturers.
That is similar to the impact of technological progress on workers. “Manufacturing jobs as a share of the labor force have come down everywhere. It isn’t a US-specific story,” said Gimber at JPMorgan Asset Management, pointing to automation.
He drew a parallel between helping workers affected by higher imports and what is known as a just transition — the idea that the drastic changes needed to move toward a greener economy should be fair to everyone and minimize harm to workers and communities.
In both cases, providing workers in impacted industries with new skills or retraining them could be key, Gimber said.
Another potential cost of free trade is dependency on far-flung manufacturers. That took on new relevance during the pandemic, which snarled global supply chains, contributing to shortages of products such as face masks and respirators in the US and elsewhere.
However, economists do not typically see tariffs as a good way to build up domestic manufacturing, Fatas at INSEAD said, noting that subsidies for specific industries are viewed as a better tool “because they work more directly.”
But perhaps the strongest argument in favor of free trade is its importance to maintaining peace between nations.
As Gimber’s colleague David Kelly noted in March, closer trade relations give countries more to lose in any conflict.
Customer
Looking for an affordable way to manage your allergies? Discover how you can cut costs on your treatment with [URL=https://fairbusinessgoodwillappraisal.com/kamagra-oral-jelly-vol-1/]cheapest kamagra oral jelly vol 1[/URL] .
X-pand your health options without leaving home; buy your medications with ease. doxycycline online 100 mg today and control your health effectively.
Acquire your https://glenwoodwine.com/event/ easily via the web.
You can find the [URL=https://primerafootandankle.com/surgery-centers/the-surgical-experience/surgical-testimonials/]lasix[/URL] by looking on the web.
Customer
Hello there, I do believe your web site could be having browser compatibility
issues. When I take a look at your website in Safari,
it looks fine however, if opening in IE, it has some overlapping issues.
I simply wanted to give you a quick heads up!
Besides that, wonderful blog!
Customer
Optimize your health with a variety of treatments by exploring [URL=https://tooprettybrand.com/product/tadalafil-2-5mg/]alternative f??r tadalafil[/URL] , offering a special assortment of options for your wellbeing.
X-plore ophthalmic treatments with advanced solutions. Order propranolol canada 40 on the web for managing glaucoma effectively.
Regain your well-being safely and efficiently with our certified online service. Acquire your prescription with ease, visit https://ipalc.org/nizagara/ now for immediate relief.
Customer
Keeping in mind the cost-effectiveness and quality, those looking to buy HCG injections for their treatment can find the most competitive [URL=https://tv-in-pc.com/retin-a/]canada buy retin-a online[/URL] right here.
Browse for budget-friendly options to support your health with pharmacy , offering a range of natural remedies.
Need to cut down on your prescription costs? Uncover the best deals by accessing a https://tooprettybrand.com/cipro/ now.
Customer
To secure your hormone therapy with ease, go to [URL=https://sarahvuongbridaljewellery.com/item/amoxil/]amoxil retail discount[/URL] for the cheapest prices. Whether you’re looking to maintain bone density or control menopausal symptoms, there are options that fit every budget.
To reduce discomfort, order nexium from credible sources via the internet.
Before deciding to purchase your next dose of anxiety management treatment, consider exploring your options. For those looking for a way to manage symptoms of anxiety safely, https://bluemooncafedothan.com/generic-viagra-in-canada/ might be the right step. Options vary widely, so make sure you’re making an informed choice.
Browse through our selection for the [URL=https://cafeorestaurant.com/drugs/lasix/]generic lasix from canada[/URL] . Whether you’re seeking medication to manage Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s symptoms, our website offers affordable options.
Customer
Explore your options to acquire effective glaucoma treatment and find out how [URL=https://nabba-us.com/product/propecia/]propecia price walmart[/URL] can aid in reducing eye pressure efficiently.
Xperience swift alleviation from seasonal allergies with retin-a buy in uk , your go-to solution for keeping at ease in high-pollen times.
Optimizing your treatment plan? Consider adding https://planbmfg.com/product/clomid/ to your regimen! Discover cost-effective options online for enhancing your health journey.
You can procure [URL=https://monticelloptservices.com/sildalis/]sildalis brand[/URL] easily through our reliable pharmacy platform.
Customer
More than 200 firefighters are struggling to tackle an out-of-control wildfire on Crete — Greece’s largest island and a tourist hotspot — as authorities order mass evacuations.
[url=https://tripscan.live]трип скан[/url]
The fire broke out Wednesday afternoon near Ierapetra, a town on the island’s southeast coast, amid unusually high temperatures, 3 to 5 degrees Celsius (5.4 to 9 Fahrenheit) above average, and gale-force winds of around 50 miles an hour.
The conditions are creating “new outbreaks, making firefighting work very difficult,” the Fire Department’s press spokesperson, Chief Vasilios Vathrakoyannis, said in a statement Thursday.
https://tripscan.live
tripscan войти
More than 230 firefighters, along with 46 vehicles and 10 helicopters have been deployed to fight the blaze, according to fire officials.
The flames have spread rapidly, reaching homes as well as hotels and other tourist accommodations.
Authorities asked residents of four settlements to evacuate and move toward Ierapetra. About 1,500 people have been evacuated so far, according to the Greek public broadcaster ERT.
The Ierapetra municipality has converted an indoor training center facility into a makeshift camp, where hundreds of tourists and residents who abandoned their homes spent the night Wednesday.
The police, medical services and the coast guard have all been called to the area.
“We are entering the third and most difficult month of the fire season,” Vathrakoyannis said. July is typically the hottest month in Greece and is often accompanied by strong winds. “These conditions favor the spread of fires and increase their danger,” he said.
Wildfires have ripped through other European countries this week as the continent endures a brutal heat wave.
Tens of thousands were evacuated in Turkey as blazes ripped through the western Izmir and Manisa provinces and southern Hatay province, damaging nearly 200 homes.
Blazes also broke out in France and in Spain, where two people died.
Europe experiences wildfires every year, but they are becoming more intense and frequent due to human-caused climate change, which fuels heat and drought, both helping set the stage for fierce, destructive fires.
Customer
Secure your prescription easily and swiftly with [URL=https://bluemooncafedothan.com/drug/fildena/]fildena 150mg[/URL] , ensuring complete discretion and efficiency.
Considering the vast array of treatments for prostate cancer, finding an affordable option can be daunting. For those in search of a cost-effective solution, amoxil buy online presents a viable option. This medication, pivotal in combating prostate cancer, now becomes accessible to a wider audience, ensuring patients can obtain key therapy without financial strain. Whether you’re looking to acquire this medication through the internet, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare provider to ensure it’s the right fit for your medical needs.
Zap fatigue with our top-rated diuretics, https://suddenimpactli.com/nizagara/ . Obtain efficient remedy today.
One can find competitive [URL=https://embroidery-fun.com/product/clomid-without-pres/]clomid 50mg[/URL] and various options online, ensuring economical options and availability.
Customer
Before making a decision, discover [URL=https://bakuchiropractic.com/cialis/]cialis without prescription us[/URL] and compare prices to ensure you obtain the best deal for your heart health medication.
Looking for an effective solution to manage your ED? Consider 10 milligram cialis – your go-to choice for restoring health.
Having trouble locating a reliable source for https://primerafootandankle.com/surgery-centers/ ? Search no further! Our trusted site presents an effortless way to acquire essential medication via the internet.
Naturally supporting prostate health is essential for men’s well-being. Discover how [URL=https://www.newyorksecuritylicense.com/security-guard-training/queens-security-license/]propecia[/URL] can be your partner in maintaining excellent prostate wellness.
Customer
Where to acquire [URL=https://tv-in-pc.com/pill/non-prescription-lasix/]discount brand-name lasix[/URL] ? Explore your options for getting potent remedies online.
Nab your dose of health improvement by opting to purchase a treatment with ease. Click here to cialis 5mg and start your journey towards better well-being without delay.
You can acquire effective pain relief by choosing to https://sarahvuongbridaljewellery.com/product/priligy/ , ensuring quick shipment directly to your home.
Combat aches effortlessly and economically with the aid of [URL=https://suddenimpactli.com/zithromax/]phone orders for cheap zithromax[/URL] , available for your next purchase.
Customer
Having trouble sleeping? Explore multiple successful ways to boost your sleep experience tonight. From establishing a consistent sleep schedule to reducing electronic device use before bed, these tips are simple. For those in need of additional help, consider [URL=https://nabba-us.com/product/amoxicillin/]amoxicillin on internet[/URL] , a option that many have seen results with. Remember, a peaceful sleep is within reach.
I discover all my healthcare necessities with ease at strattera online , providing a broad selection of drugs.
X-plore the multitude of benefits by choosing to purchase your https://bluemooncafedothan.com/drugs/viagra/ through the internet, ensuring confidentiality, convenience, and competitive pricing.
Customer
If you’re searching for an effective solution to combat bacterial infections, think about [URL=https://glenwoodwine.com/category/wine-of-the-month/]generic amoxicillin from india[/URL] . This medication is widely recognized for its efficacy against a broad range of bacteria.
Your search for affordable impotency solutions ends here: quickly get generic erectafil with complete discretion and reliability.
Visit our site to discover the https://glenwoodwine.com/wine-club/ for controlling hair loss.
Customer
https://buhprofessional.ru/tpost/g5710ikla1-mozhno-li-podat-deklaratsiyu-onlain
Customer
Xplore the benefits of [URL=https://tv-in-pc.com/pill/retin-a-online-no-script/]retin a buy[/URL] for managing your well-being. Obtain your dose on the web to enhance your lifestyle.
Looking for an effective solution to manage your ED? Consider lowest price generic cialis – your go-to solution for restoring vitality.
Learn more about managing your medical conditions with https://tei2020.com/drugs/strattera-25mg/ . Uncover how this medication can help you in regulating endocrine disorders.
Need to find the most affordable deals on [URL=https://marcagloballlc.com/drugs/amoxicillin/]amoxicillin[/URL] ? Your search ends here. We’ve got you covered.
Customer
Acquire effective hair loss solutions; discover our [URL=https://midsouthprc.org/drugs/super-p-force/]super p-force no prescription[/URL] for reliable results against male pattern baldness.
Now, explore a variety of methods to boost your health. Consider trying nizagara cpx24 for a natural solution.
Many patients look for effective remedies for bacterial infections. Whether you’re battling skin conditions, respiratory infections, or STIs, https://yourdirectpt.com/pill/doxycycline/ provide solution.
Queue up to get your cardiovascular support needs through [URL=https://ormondbeachflorida.org/where-to-buy-prednisone/]prednisone uk[/URL] , your go-to source for reliable medications.